A Zhong-Yong perspective on balancing the top-down and bottom-up processes in strategy-making

Bottom-up, top-down

Top-down and bottom-up processes in speech comprehension.

Speech comprehension includes both bottom-up and top-down processes, and imaging studies have isolated a frontal-temporal network of brain areas active during speech perception. However, the precise role of the various areas in this network during normal speech comprehension is not yet fully understood. In the present fMRI study, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of spoken sentences was varied in...

Top-down, Middle-out, and Bottom-up Processes: A Cognitive Perspective of Teaching and Learning Economics

The pedagogical value of graphical representations and analyses (GR and GA) in economics education is examined in a framework of top-down and bottom-up processes of thinking.We argue, with the support of two illustrative examples, that they are useful to the extent that they provide bridges between economic theories and facts.We also note that over-reliance on GR and GA may lead to misconceptio...

Mindfulness: top-down or bottom-up emotion regulation strategy?

The beneficial clinical effects of mindfulness practices are receiving increasing support from empirical studies. However, the functional neural mechanisms underlying these benefits have not been thoroughly investigated. Some authors suggest that mindfulness should be described as a 'top-down' emotion regulation strategy, while others suggest that mindfulness should be described as a 'bottom-up...

Bottom-Up Beats Top-Down

In PEPA, the calculation of the transitions enabled by a process accounts for a large part of the time for the state space exploration of the underlying Markov chain. Unlike other approaches based on recursion, we present a new technique that is iterative—it traverses the process’ binary tree from the sequential components at the leaves up to the root. Empirical results shows that this algorith...